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Thursday 31 January 2019

The Third Web #14 - Dawn of an Ecosystem: Substrate & Polkadot

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Care of DFINITY I was privileged to attend the Web 3 Summit in Berlin last year. While there I interviewed Aeron Buchanan, the Executive Vice President of the Web 3 Foundation and Gavin Wood, Founder of Ethereum, Parity, and the Web 3 Foundation. These guys are two of the individuals that launched the programmable blockchain revolution and these interviews plot a course from the founding of Ethereum to their vision of the decentralized web and give us a trajectory beyond.A quick production note. These interviews were filmed in the style of the other filmed interviews on The Third Web, unfortunately the footage was lost to a dead macbook leaving only the audio. As I usually cut myself out of the filmed interviews my contribution is less geared for production.

Visit https://web3.foundation/ , https://www.parity.io/ for more information

Aeron BuchananExecutive vice president of Web 3 FoundationMasters in Computer science with a focus on engineering at OxfordWorked in filmThen completed a PHD in computer visionBecame algorytm designer

Tell us about your time at EthereumEthereum was initial excitingWent from raising interest to actually delivering and things changed a lotAareon ran most of Eth DevVery stressful

Was Ming Chan hard to work with?Came laterEventually delivery of Ethereum was on course.A CEO or COO type role was needed.Eth foundation was not doing much at the time.The plan was to transition EthDev responsibilities to foundationAfter a worldwide search Vitalik chose Ming ChanAeron transitioned out shortly thereafter

Web 3 FoundationDrives the development and deployment of polkadot.Parity is building the rust implementationThe runtime of polkadot is Parity's Substrate.

What is Web 3?Web 3 is different things to different people.To The Web 3 foundation Web 3 is the deentralized web.The Web 3 foundation aims to map out and build the technologies needed.

This seems very blockchain focussedYes, and polkadot is blockchain platformThe blockchain platform part is only part.There needs to be a large number of other components to build the decentralized web

How do you build decentralised messaging and storage?We are leaving that to others like IPFS.Proof of replication is something that people who looked at proof of storafge instead of proof of work overlooked.Whisper and Secure scuttlebutt are interesting optionsCoordination can happen on the blockchain but messaging on the blockchain is a non-starter.

When will all this stuff come together to make ausable platform?We are not yet at a stage of maturity.The technologists building all of this know we are not at the end yet.We started with scriptingMoved to scalability, reputation, messaging & everything else. We are not yet through the checklist.Polkadot takes us 95% of the way to scalabilityThe next one is reputation. No clear solution yet.

Whats the challenge with reputation?Proposals look at the result rather than the approach.Reputation is different in different contexts.There must not be an originator. Reputation must be decentralized.

Gavin WoodFounded EthereumFounded ParityFounded Web 3 FoundationLead of Polkadot.

You are also working on something called Substrate . . .Parity's gift to the blockchain building community.Geared to creating new chains easily.A turbocharger for blockchain development.Moduralized toolkit.PoS mechanisms, DAOs, balances, governance & voting mechanisms.It is as if departments of a nation state. Parity are building the templated for those departments.The biggest advancement is the ability to upgrade itselfBased on WebAssemblyRun as a blockchain engineThe blockchain's code under substrate is compiled into Wasm.

How do you upgrade?There is a state transition function that describes how the ledger changes from one block to another.In the past it only applied to smart contracts and balancesIn Substrate the blockchain stores consensus information and a blob of Wasm code that stores the blockchain protocol.The transition function uses this to determine how transition should occur.The blob can alter everything and the blob itself can be updated.

What is the importance of these kind of systems for defending personal freedom?When the internet began, the user was free. - No man born into chains.This is no longer the case. Today we need to know who, why and how we are being controled or manipulated.We know the who - Corporate interests.The why is more comp;icated - to make more money, but increasingly to capture more data for other purposes - learning, prediction, targeted advertising, memetic feedback loops, political manipulation.

How do you prevent that?Think how are they doing this?It comes down to centralizationThe fewer organisations that are used to access data and the less the individual control, the more they are able to control.We avoid this by reducing our exposure to these central points of control.We live in an economic world. This is fine on an individual level, but bad on a national scale.We need to restrict nexuses of power and make sure that power is transparent.This is what we are trying to engineer with these components of Web 3



via The Let's Talk Bitcoin Network https://letstalkbitcoin.com/blog/post/the-third-web-14-dawn-of-an-ecosystem-substrate-polkadot

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